basic records

1) Общая лексика: строевые документы

2) Логистика: основные надписи (при маркировке груза)

сущ.; преим. амер.

1) личное дело; форма, в которую вносится личная информация

2) исходная запись ( в звукозаписи)

3) ( basic records) воен. строевые документы

— Adjutant General's file

— automated intelligence file

— basic records file

— blank file

— branch file

— career branch file

— career job applicant file

— career job requirements file

— career management individual file

— case control file

— circulation file

— combat development functional file

— communications functional file

— confidential personnel file

— connecting file

— cover in file

— criminal and subversive file

— demand file

— field file

— fiscal functional file

— flank file

— gain files

— general file

— hold file

— Indian file

— information functional file

— intelligence file

— legal file

— logistics functional file

— logistics intelligence file

— mapping functional file

— march single file

— master file

— medical functional file

— microfiche personnel copy file

— military personnel functional file

— officer's file

— official military personnel file

— overpack allowance file

— personal file

— personnel file

— planning file

— safety functional file

— security file

— sensitive data file

— signal file

— single file

— strategic target intelligence file

— suspense file

— target file

— team file

— training and educational functional file

— transportation functional file

SUBJECT AREA: Recording

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He graduated from the Dover Academy (Delaware) in 1882 and was apprenticed in a machine-repair firm in Philadelphia and studied in evening classes at the Spring Garden Institute. In 1888 he took employment in a small Philadelphia machine shop owned by Andrew Scull, specializing in repair and bookbinding machinery. After travels in the western part of the US, in 1891 he became a partner in Scull \& Johnson, Manufacturing Machinists, and established a further company, the New Jersey Wire Stitching Machine Company. He bought out Andrew Scull's interest in October 1894 (the last instalment being paid in 1897) and became an independent general machinist. In 1896 he had perfected a spring motor for the Berliner flat-disc gramophone, and he started experimenting with a more direct method of recording in a spiral groove: that of cutting in wax. Co-operation with Berliner eventually led to the incorporation of the Victor Talking Machine Company in 1901. The innumerable court cases stemming from the fact that so many patents for various elements in sound recording and reproduction were in very many hands were brought to an end in 1903 when Johnson was material in establishing cross-licencing agreements between Victor, Columbia Graphophone and Edison to create what is known as a patent pool. Early on, Johnson had a thorough experience in all matters concerning the development and manufacture of both gramophones and records. He made and patented many major contributions in all these fields, and his approach was very business-like in that the contribution to cost of each part or process was always a decisive factor in his designs. This attitude was material in his consulting work for the sister company, the Gramophone Company, in London before it set up its own factories in 1910. He had quickly learned the advantages of advertising and of providing customers with durable equipment and records. This motivation was so strong that Johnson set up a research programme for determining the cause of wear in records. It turned out to depend on groove profile, and from 1911 one particular profile was adhered to and processes for transforming the grooves of valuable earlier records were developed. Without precise measuring instruments, he used the durability as the determining factor. Johnson withdrew more and more to the role of manager, and the Victor Talking Machine Company gained such a position in the market that the US anti-trust legislation was used against it. However, a generation change in the Board of Directors and certain erroneous decisions as to product line started a decline, and in February 1926 Johnson withdrew on extended sick leave: these changes led to the eventual sale of Victor. However, Victor survived due to the advent of radio and the electrification of replay equipment and became a part of Radio Corporation of America. In retirement Johnson took up various activities in the arts and sciences and financially supported several projects; his private yacht was used in 1933 in work with the Smithsonian Institution on a deep-sea hydrographie and fauna-collecting expedition near Puerto Rico.

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— command and operations center

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— communications centers operation control center

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— communications-electronics center

— community services center

— computation center

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— construction supply center

— contamination center

— control and reporting center

— control center

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— coordinating center

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— corps press information center

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— counterintelligence center

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— crisis relocation center

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— cryptographic center

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— damage assessment center

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— decontamination center

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— defense center

— Defense Clothing and Textile Supply center

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— Defense Documentation center

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— Defense Fuel Supply center

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— Defense Mapping Agency Aerospace center

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— Defense Medical Supply center

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— Defense Problems Information center

— Defense Security Clearance center

— Defense Supply center

— deployment control center

— desert training center

— design center

— detailed interrogation center

— detention center

— development center

— direct air support center

— direction center

— Disciplinary Correction center

— disciplinary training center

— dispersion center

— distribution center

— district air support center

— district HQ command center

— doctrinal center

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— drill center

— drone control center

— educational center

— electromagnetic compatibility analysis center

— electronic data processing center

— electronic data transmission control center

— electronic intelligence center

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— emergency control center

— emergency decontamination center

— emergency operations center

— engineer replacement training center

— Enlisted Evaluation center

— Enlisted Records and Evaluation center

— entertainment center

— environment prediction center

— equipment depot center

— Euro Training center

— European Defense Analysis center

— evacuation center

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— EW coordination center

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— experimental engineer construction center

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— explosive ordnance disposal coordination center

— FA tactical operations center

— family and community center

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— Federal contract research center

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— Federal Warning center

— Field Army tactical operations center

— field maintenance center

— fighter control center

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— fire control center

— fire direction center

— fire distribution center

— fire section center

— fire-support control center

— fire-support coordination center

— first-aid decontamination center

— fixed communications center

— Fleet Analysis center

— Fleet Anti-Air Warfare center

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— food service center

— foreign military aid training center

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— foreign science and technology center

— fortified center

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— forward area communications center

— forward area signal center

— forward communications center

— forward direction center

— forward electrical/electronic service center

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— general development center

— general support center

— general technical support center

— geodetic survey information center

— ground support equipment center

— guided weapon center

— helicopter direction center

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— High Energy Laser center

— Home Town News center

— human resources research center

— imagery interpretation center

— imagination center

— indoctrination center

— industrial supply center

— infantry training center

— infiltration surveillance center

— information center

— information computer center

— information mapping center

— initial training center

— in-out processing center

— integrated operational intelligence center

— intelligence and operational information collection center

— intelligence center

— intelligence fusion center

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— intelligence operations center

— intelligence processing and evaluation center

— intelligence threat analysis center

— interrogation center

— inventory control center

— joint air-photo center

— Joint Army-Navy Information center

— joint command operations' center

— joint EW center

— joint nuclear accidents coordinating center

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— joint operations integrated center

— Joint Reconnaissance center

— Joint Refugee Operations center

— joint search and rescue center

— jump tactical operations center

— jungle operations training center

— jungle warfare training center

— labor supervision center

— Land Warfare center

— land-based signal monitoring center

— Landing Force Training center

— landing zone control center

— Leadership and Management Development center

— learning resource center

— Library Service center

— logistical center

— logistical operations center

— logistics communications center

— logistics coordinating center

— logistics readiness center

— logistics services center

— logistics support operations center

— main command center

— Main Naval Communications center

— main signal center

— maintenance center

— maintenance control center

— maintenance management center

— major development center

— management center

— map distribution center

— Marine Corps Air Ground Intelligence center

— Marine Corps Air/Ground Combat Training center

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— market center

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— material management center

— Materials and Mechanics Research center

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— medical control center

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— metrology and calibration center

— military aircraft storage and disposition center

— military center

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— Military Intelligence Unit Training center

— Military Personnel center

— military personnel records center

— military R & D center

— military service propaganda center

— military space surveillance center

— military subsistence market center

— missile and munitions center

— missile center

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— mobile air combat operations center

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— Mobility Equipment R&D center

— mobilization center

— mock center

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— motor transport center

— movement control center

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— MP training center

— multinational nuclear fuel cycle center

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— National Assessment center

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— National Foreign Information Assessment center

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— National Naval Medical center

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— NATO Supply center

— Naval Air Missile center

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— officer evaluation center

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— operational center

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— ordnance center

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— overseas replacement center

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— Personnel and Administration center

— personnel data center

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— rear switching center

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— rest center

— restructured general support center

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— secured communications center

— Security Assistance Accounting center

— security clearance center

— seismic array analysis center

— semi-automatic ground environment manual control center

— service center

— service operations center

— SHAPE Alternate Command center

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— signal center

— signal technical control center

— simulation center

— skill development center

— soft launch control center

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— Sonar Research center

— Space Computation center

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— space operations center

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— standby local early warning and control center

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— strategic center of gravity

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— Tactical Air Combat Employment center

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— tactical aircraft forward direction center

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— tactical weapons guidance and control information and analysis center

— target information center

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— UN center for Disarmament

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— urban center

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— PW personnel record

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— sensitive items inventory record

— service record

— shot record

— staff records

— training record

— update one's service record

— weapon firing record

— zero line records

1) Компьютерная техника: Basic Rate Access

2) Авиация: Bearing, range, and altitude of target

3) Спорт: Boxing Records Archive

4) Военный термин: Battle Ready Armor, British Regular Army, British Rhine Army, battlefield reconnaissance aircraft, beam rider actuator

5) Техника: P-resorcinic acid, bench-replacement assembly

6) Шутливое выражение: Battle Ready Anime

7) Сокращение: Boston Redevelopment Authority, Bouganville Revolutionary Army (Papua New Guinea)

8) Физиология: Breast Retainment Apparatus

9) Связь: Basic Rate Access (also BA)

10) Холодильная техника: British Refrigeration Association

11) Автоматика: British Robot Association

12) Контроль качества: bench replaceable assembly

13) Химическое оружие: Brine reduction area

14) Яхтенный спорт: Бразилия (Обозначения на парусах)

1) Компьютерная техника: Basic Rate Access

2) Авиация: Bearing, range, and altitude of target

3) Спорт: Boxing Records Archive

4) Военный термин: Battle Ready Armor, British Regular Army, British Rhine Army, battlefield reconnaissance aircraft, beam rider actuator

5) Техника: P-resorcinic acid, bench-replacement assembly

6) Шутливое выражение: Battle Ready Anime

7) Сокращение: Boston Redevelopment Authority, Bouganville Revolutionary Army (Papua New Guinea)

8) Физиология: Breast Retainment Apparatus

9) Связь: Basic Rate Access (also BA)

10) Холодильная техника: British Refrigeration Association

11) Автоматика: British Robot Association

12) Контроль качества: bench replaceable assembly

13) Химическое оружие: Brine reduction area

14) Яхтенный спорт: Бразилия (Обозначения на парусах)

(U)

1. n ком. одиниця; ціле; елемент; a одиничний; 2. марк. одиниця

1. основна складова чого-небудь, напр. стандарт виміру, окремий продукт (product) чи вид товарів, окрема особа чи група, партія цінних паперів (securities) тощо; 2. умовний пакетний розмір, об'єм, кількість або величина чого-небудь, що прийнято за основу на продаж; ♦ прикладами одиниці можуть бути: літр молока, коробка сірників, дюжина яєць, букет квітів тощо

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accountability unit об'єкт обліку • одиниця обліку • одиниця звітності; accounting unit облікова одиниця • господарська одиниця із самостійним балансом; administrative unit адміністративна одиниця; auxiliary unit допоміжний підрозділ; basic unit основна одиниця; business unit організаційна одиниця (торгова або промислова) • господарський осередок; capital unit елемент капіталу; capitalization unit одиниця капіталізації; central processing unit (CPU) центральний процесор комп'ютера; consumer unit споживча одиниця; control-factor unit одиниця контрольного фактора; contract units стандартна система показників якості; conventional unit умовна одиниця; cost unit одиниця витрат • одиниця калькуляції витрат; currency unit валютна одиниця; decision unit господарська одиниця, наділена правом прийняття рішення; depreciation unit одиниця нарахування зношення • одиниця амортизації; economic unit господарська одиниця; efficiency unit одиниця виміру ефективності; end production unit одиниця кінцевого продукту; equivalent unit; European composite unit європейська складена валютна одиниця; European currency unit європейська валютна одиниця; European payment unit розрахункова одиниця європейського платіжного союзу; evaluation unit демонстраційний зразок; fixed assets unit одиниця основних фондів • одиниця основного капіталу; functional unit функціональна одиниця; housing unit житлова одиниця; intramarginal unit одиниця, яка знаходиться у визначених межах; international units міжнародні одиниці; machine unit одиниця обладнання • верстат; marginal units граничні одиниці продукції (що визначають ринкову ціну); measurement unit одиниця фізичної величини виміру; metric unit метрична одиниця; monetary unit (MU) грошова одиниця • одиниця валюти; organizational unit організаційна одиниця • підрозділ; payment unit розрахункова одиниця; physical unit натуральна одиниця; product unit одиниця продукції; production unit виробнича одиниця • одиниця продукції • одиниця обладнання; prototype unit дослідний зразок • прототипна одиниця; registration unit одиниця обліку; replacement unit одиниця-замінник (основного капіталу); representative unit репрезентаційна одиниця; residential unit житлова одиниця; retirement unit одиниця вибування (основного капіталу); reworked units перероблена продукція; sales unit одиниця торгівлі; sample unit одиниця вибору • одиниця взірця • елемент вибору; self-financing unit госпрозрахункова одиниця • господарська розрахункова одиниця; semiprocessed unit одиниця напівфабрикату • проміжний продукт; service unit одиниця виміру виконаної роботи • одиниця продукції; spending unit споживча одиниця; standard unit умовна одиниця; stock-keeping unit одиниця обліку запасів; structural unit структурна одиниця; tabulation unit одиниця обліку; time unit одиниця часу; training unit навчальний центр; transportation unit транспортна одиниця; work unit одиниця виконаної роботи • одиниця виміру виконаної роботи

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average revenue per unit виручка на одиницю продукту • середня виручка; European unit of account розрахункова одиниця європейського платіжного союзу; per unit на одиницю; revenue unit of service розрахункова одиниця; to buy a unit of something купувати/купити одиницю чого-небудь; to sell a unit of something продавати/продати одиницю чого-небудь; unit assets records облік активів підрозділу; unit cost собівартість одиниці продукції; unit costs витрати на одиницю продукції; unit-elastic demand попит з одиничною еластичністю; unit labour cost вартість праці в одиниці продукції • витрати на робочу силу в одиниці продукту • трудомісткість; unit load одиничне навантаження • одиничний вантаж; unit of account розрахункова одиниця • одиниця обліку • розрахункова грошова одиниця; unit of currency грошова одиниця • валютна одиниця; unit of equipment одиниця обладнання; unit of homogeneous production одиниця однорідної продукції; unit of inventory одиниця обліку запасів; unit of measure одиниця міри; unit of measurement одиниця виміру; unit of output одиниця продукції; unit of population одиниця сукупності; unit of production одиниця продукції; unit-of-production method методика виміру одиниці продукції; unit of quantity одиниця кількості; unit of value одиниця вартості; unit of weight одиниця ваги; unit price ціна одиниці продукції; unit selling price продажна ціна одиниці товару; unit tax податок на одиницю • акцизний податок; unit value середня ціна одиниці продукції • середня ціна товарної одиниці • вартість одиничного виробу; unit value index індекс середньої ціни одиниці продукції; unit wage питома ставка заробітної плати

1) оружие; боевое средство, средство поражения (управляемый снаряд, ракета и т.п.)

- weapons of awesome destructive power

- accumulation of weapons

- array of weapons

- manufacture of weapons

- production of weapons

- accumulate weapons

- furnish a country with weapons

- release a weapon

- set records in sales of weapon

- station nuclear weapons

- store weapons

2) the Weapon атомная бомба (в условном коде для переговоров)

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- thermonuclear weapon

- implant nuclear weapons on the seabed

- station nuclear weapons

- anti-tank guided weapons

- salted weapon

- retaliatory weapon

- offensive weapons

- deploy nuclear weapons

- destroy nuclear weapons

- strike weapons

- abolition of nuclear weapons

- exclude all types of nuclear weapons from the arsenals of states

- chemical weapons

- operational nuclear weapons

- treacherous weapons

- anti-forces weapon

- bacteriological weapons

- radiological weapons

- absolute weapons

- fusion weapons

- secure nonproliferation of atomic weapons

- stockpiles of nuclear weapons

- new-generation weapon

- weapons of mass destruction

- blast weapon

- tactical nuclear weapons

- neutron weapons

- unconventional weapons

- conventional weapons

- weapons of warfare

- anti-material weapon

- anti-personnel weapon

- strategic weapons

- ultimate weapon

- major weapons

- reduce quantitatively strategic weapons

- theatre nuclear weapons

- rid Europe of nuclear weapons

- atomic weapons

- spread of nuclear weapons

- limited nuclear weapons

- dissemination of nuclear weapons

- introduction of nuclear weapons

- clean weapon

- use of nuclear weapons

- stocks of nuclear weapons

- design and construct nuclear weapons

- possession of nuclear weapons

- ban weapons of mass destruction

- anti-satellite weapon

- guided weapon

- laser weapons

- limit qualitatively strategic weapons

- testing of nuclear weapons

- emplace nuclear weapons on the seabed

- weapons of war

- strategic nuclear weapons

- emplacement of weapons of mass destruction

- second generation weapons

- kiloton weapon

- time-delay weapons

- nuclear weapons test

- prohibition and elimination of all types of weapons of mass destruction

- refrain from acquiring nuclear weapons

- biological weapon

- particle-beam weapons

- health aspects of chemical and biological weapons

- renounce offensive chemical weapons

- limited or partial use of nuclear weapons

- megaton weapon

- weapons of extermination

- development, production and stockpiling of new weapons

- cessation of the production of nuclear weapons

- lethal weapon

- existing stocks of nuclear weapons

- remove the danger of the use of nuclear weapons

- enhanced radiation weapon

- accept nuclear weapons

- vengeance weapon

- nominal weapon

- limitation and gradual reduction of armed forces and conventional weapons

- transfer of nuclear weapons

- acquisition of nuclear weapons

- beam weapons

- modern weapons

- mass destruction weapons

- perfidious weapons

- acquire biological weapons

- battlefield nuclear weapons

- reduce nuclear weapons

- drive for ultimate weapon

- prevent the spread of nuclear weapons

- elimination of chemical weapons

- control of nuclear weapons

- develop new types of nuclear weapons

- basic weapon

- weapons of mass annihilation

- new weapons

- qualitative development of nuclear weapons

- nuclear weapons

- light individual weapons

- Gray-area nuclear weapons

- hinder the spread of nuclear weapons

- minor weapons

- halt the production of nuclear weapons

- dirty weapon

- implosion weapon

- sophisticated weapons

- fission weapons

- disposal of chemical weapons

1) служба

2) обслуживание; сервис

3) рабочий режим (напр. фильтра)

4) действие; функция

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- community services

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1.   работа; сфера деятельности; род занятий; служба; учреждение

2.   подземная коммуникация (трубопровод, кабель)

3.   внутридомовая сеть коммуникаций; внутренний водопровод

4.   pl ( внутренние) инженерные сети и инженерное оборудование ( здания)

necessity [nɪ'sesətɪ] (pl necessities)

1 noun

(a) (need) nécessité f, besoin m;

∎ there is no necessity for drastic measures il n'y a pas lieu de prendre des mesures draconiennes;

∎ there's no real necessity for us to go nous n'avons pas vraiment besoin d'y aller, il n'est pas indispensable que nous y allions;

∎ the necessity for or of keeping careful records la nécessité de prendre des notes détaillées;

∎ if the necessity should arise si le besoin se faisait sentir;

∎ in case of absolute necessity en cas de force majeure;

∎ out of or by or through necessity par nécessité, par la force des choses;

∎ proverb necessity has no law nécessité fait loi;

∎ proverb necessity is the mother of invention = en cas de besoin on trouve toujours une solution

(b) formal (poverty) besoin m, nécessité f

(c) (essential) chose f nécessaire ou essentielle;

∎ the basic or bare necessities of life les choses qui sont absolument essentielles ou indispensables à la vie;

∎ a car is not one of life's necessities une voiture n'est pas indispensable;

∎ it's one of life's necessities c'est un élément vital

(d) Philosophy nécessité f

2 of necessity adverb

nécessairement

SUBJECT AREA: Recording

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After arriving in the USA in 1870 and becoming an American citizen, Berliner worked as a dry-goods clerk in Washington, DC, and for a period studied electricity at Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York. He invented an improved microphone and set up his own experimental laboratory in Washington, DC. He developed a microphone for telephone use and sold the rights to the Bell Telephone Company. Subsequently he was put in charge of their laboratory, remaining in that position for eight years. In 1881 Berliner, with his brothers Joseph and Jacob, founded the J.Berliner Telephonfabrik in Hanover, the first factory in Europe specializing in telephone equipment.

Inspired by the development work performed by T.A. Edison and in the Volta Laboratory (see C.S. Tainter), he analysed the existing processes for recording and reproducing sound and in 1887 developed a process for transferring lateral undulations scratched in soot into an etched groove that would make a needle and diaphragm vibrate. Using what may be regarded as a combination of the Phonautograph of Léon Scott de Martinville and the photo-engraving suggested by Charles Cros, in May 1887 he thus demonstrated the practicability of the laterally recorded groove. He termed the apparatus "Gramophone". In November 1887 he applied the principle to a glass disc and obtained an inwardly spiralling, modulated groove in copper and zinc. In March 1888 he took the radical step of scratching the lateral vibrations directly onto a rotating zinc disc, the surface of which was protected, and the subsequent etching created the groove. Using well-known principles of printing-plate manufacture, he developed processes for duplication by making a negative mould from which positive copies could be pressed in a thermoplastic compound. Toy gramophones were manufactured in Germany from 1889 and from 1892–3 Berliner manufactured both records and gramophones in the USA. The gramophones were hand-cranked at first, but from 1896 were based on a new design by E.R. Johnson. In 1897–8 Berliner spread his activities to England and Germany, setting up a European pressing plant in the telephone factory in Hanover, and in 1899 a Canadian company was formed. Various court cases over patents removed Berliner from direct running of the reconstructed companies, but he retained a major economic interest in E.R. Johnson's Victor Talking Machine Company. In later years Berliner became interested in aeronautics, in particular the autogiro principle. Applied acoustics was a continued interest, and a tile for controlling the acoustics of large halls was successfully developed in the 1920s.

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SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

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It would seem that most of the stories about Lee's invention of the stocking frame cannot be verified by any contemporary evidence, and the first written accounts do not appear until the second half of the seventeenth century. The claim that he was Master of Arts from St John's College, Cambridge, was first made in 1607 but cannot be checked because the records have not survived. The date for the invention of the knitting machine as being 1589 was made at the same time, but again there is no supporting evidence. There is no evidence that Lee was Vicar of Calverton, nor that he was in Holy Orders at all. Likewise there is no evidence for the existence of the woman, whether she was girlfriend, fiancée or wife, who is said to have inspired the invention, and claims regarding the involvement of Queen Elizabeth I and her refusal to grant a patent because the stockings were wool and not silk are also without contemporary foundation. Yet the first known reference shows that Lee was the inventor of the knitting machine, for the partnership agreement between him and George Brooke dated 6 June 1600 states that "William Lee hath invented a very speedy manner of making works usually wrought by knitting needles as stockings, waistcoats and such like". This agreement was to last for twenty-two years, but terminated prematurely when Brooke was executed for high treason in 1603. Lee continued to try and exploit his invention, for in 1605 he described himself as "Master of Arts" when he petitioned the Court of Aldermen of the City of London as the first inventor of an engine to make silk stockings. In 1609 the Weavers' Company of London recorded Lee as "a weaver of silk stockings by engine". These petitions suggest that he was having difficulty in establishing his invention, which may be why in 1612 there is a record of him in Rouen, France, where he hoped to have better fortune. If he had been invited there by Henry IV, his hopes were dashed by the assassination of the king soon afterwards. He was to supply four knitting machines, and there is further evidence that he was in France in 1615, but it is thought that he died in that country soon afterwards.

The machine Lee invented was probably the most complex of its day, partly because the need to use silk meant that the needles were very fine. Henson (1970) in 1831 took five pages in his book to describe knitting on a stocking frame which had over 2,066 pieces. To knit a row of stitches took eleven separate stages, and great care and watchfulness were required to ensure that all the loops were equal and regular. This shows how complex the machines were and points to Lee's great achievement in actually making one. The basic principles of its operation remained unaltered throughout its extraordinarily long life, and a few still remained in use commercially in the early 1990s.

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SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics

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Although born in Hungary, Petzval was the son of German schoolteacher. He studied engineering at the University of Budapest and after graduation was appointed to the staff as a lecturer. In 1835 he became the University's Professor of Higher Mathematics. Within a year he was offered a similar position at the more prestigious University of Vienna, a chair he was to occupy until 1884.

The earliest photographic cameras were fitted with lenses originally designed for other optical instruments. All were characterized by small apertures, and the long exposures required by the early process were in part due to the "slow" lenses. As early as 1839, Petzval began calculations with the idea of producing a fast achromatic objective for photographic work. For technical advice he turned to the Viennese optician Peter Voigtländer, who went on to make the first Petzval portrait lens in 1840. It had a short focal length but an extremely large aperture for the day, enabling exposure times to be reduced to at least one tenth of that required with other contemporary lenses. The Petzval portrait lens was to become the basic design for years to come and was probably the single most important development in making portrait photography possible; by capturing public imagination, portrait photography was to drive photographic innovation during the early years.

Petzval later fell out with Voigtländer and severed his connection with the company in 1845. When Petzval was encouraged to design a landscape lens in the 1850s, the work was entrusted to another Viennese optician, Dietzler. Using some early calculations by Petzval, Voigtländer was able to produce a similar lens, which he marketed in competition, and an acrimonious dispute ensued. Petzval, embittered by the quarrel and depressed by a burglary which destroyed years of records of his optical work, abandoned optics completely in 1862 and devoted himself to acoustics. He retired from his professorship on his seventieth birthday, respected by his colleagues but unloved, and lived the life of a recluse until his death.

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adjusted index скорректированный индекс adjustment index индекс выравнивания aggregate liability index совокупный показатель риска aggregative index вчт. составной индекс array index вчт. индекс массива average weighted index средневзвешенный индекс basic index основной показатель bond price index курсовой индекс облигаций building cost index индекс стоимости строительных работ capacity index индекс пропускной способности card index картотека catchword index док. указатель с описаниями под характерным словом chain index вчт. цепной индекс classified index систематизированный указатель clusterization index вчт. индекс кластеризации code line index вчт. кодовый индекс кадра comparative index сравнительный показатель confidence index показатель достоверности construction cost index индекс стоимости строительства consumer confidence index индекс уверенности потребителя consumer price index индекс розничных цен correction index поправочный коэффициент cost-of-living index индекс прожиточного минимума cost-of-living index индекс стоимости жизни cross-weighted index индекс с двойным взвешиванием cycle index вчт. параметр цикла index: downward change in index изменение индекса в сторону понижения downward change in index снижение индекса exchange rate index индекс валютного курса expectation index полит.эк. вероятный индекс floor space index процент застройки fog index индекс непонятности geometric index геометрический индекс geometrical index геометрический индекс gross index вчт. главный индекс harmonic index гармонический индекс harmonical index гармонический индекс help index вчт. справочный указатель hourly wage index индекс почасовой заработной платы index алфавитный указатель, каталог index алфавитный указатель index индекс, указатель index вчт. индекс index индекс index индексировать index вчт. индексный index каталог index оглавление index показатель index предметный указатель index снабжать указателем index составлять указатель index список index вчт. указатель index указатель index числовой показатель, коэффициент Index: Index: Dow Jones index индекс Доу-Джонса index: index: downward change in index изменение индекса в сторону понижения index of average values индекс средних значений index of commodity prices индекс цен на товары index of correlation коэффициент корреляции index of dispersion показатель рассеяния index of economic activity показатель экономической активности index of names указатель названий index of net retail prices индекс розничных нетто-цен index of quotations индекс котировок index of share prices индекс курсов акций index of subject heading док. рубрика предметного указателя index of wages индекс заработной платы index of wholesale prices индекс оптовых цен index to building records указатель строительного регистра keyword-in-context index вчт. указатель ключевых слов median index медианный индекс monthly index месячный индекс monthly price index месячный индекс цен moving base index вчт. индекс с переменной базой multipurpose index индекс используемый для различных целей national pension index национальный пенсионный индекс net price index индекс чистой цены output index индекс объема продукции overall index общий показатель present value index индекс текущей стоимости price index индекс цен production index индекс объема производства quality index показатель качества quantitative index количественный показатель quantity index количественный показатель rectified index number сглаженный индекс reduced price index индекс сниженных цен reliability index показатель надежности retail price index (RPI) индекс розничных цен reverse index обратный индекс risk index кумуляционная карта secondary index вторичный индекс share index фондовый индекс share price index индекс курса акций stock index фондовый индекс subject index doc. предметный указатель systematic index doc. систематический указатель track index вчт. индекс дорожки tree index древовидный индекс trend-adjusted index индекс скорректированный с учетом тренда unit value index индекс средней цены единицы продукции unweighted index невзвешенный индекс wage-regulating price index индекс цен, регулирующий заработную плату weighted index взвешенный индекс weighted index number взвешенный индекс wholesale price index индекс оптовых цен